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Ansible
Release and maintenance / latest versions
https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/reference_appendices/release_and_maintenance.html#release-status
Ansible playbook repository
https://github.com/panticz/ansible
Install Ansible
http://www.panticz.de/install-ansible
Configuration
https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/reference_appendices/config.html#ansible-configuration-settings-locations
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ansible/ansible/devel/examples/ansible.cfg
# include order
./ansible.cfg
~/.ansible.cfg
/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
[defaults]
retry_files_enabled = False
cat <> ~/.bashrc
export ANSIBLE_VAULT_PASSWORD_FILE=~/.ansible/.vault_pass
export ANSIBLE_STDOUT_CALLBACK=debug
# export ANSIBLE_DEBUG=True
# export ANSIBLE_LOG_PATH=/var/log/ansible.log
EOF
DISPLAY_SKIPPED_HOSTS=0
Ansible syntax (YAML)
http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/YAMLSyntax.html
Configuration files
http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/intro_configuration.html#host-key-checking
/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg - global default configuration
~/.ansible.cfg - local global configuration
/etc/ansible/hosts - default inventory file
Ignore host key
sed -i 's|#host_key_checking = False|host_key_checking = False|g' /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
# /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg or ~/.ansible.cfg file:
[defaults]
host_key_checking = False
# variable:
export ANSIBLE_HOST_KEY_CHECKING=False
# command line:
ansible-playbook -e 'host_key_checking=False' yourplaybook.yml
# format debug output
export ANSIBLE_STDOUT_CALLBACK=debug
Copy SSH key to clients and install required applications
for HOST in $(cat /etc/ansible/hosts | grep -v "[\[|#]" | grep -v '^$' | sort -u); do
ssh-copy-id -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@${HOST}
ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null ${HOST} apt-get install -y sudo python
done
Run command for specific host
ansible-playbook /etc/ansible/playbooks/example.yml --limit www.example.com
import vs. include
import - statements are pre-processed at the time playbooks are parsed
include - statements are processed as they encountered during the execution of the playbook
Structure
site.yml
webservers.yml
fooservers.yml
roles/
common/
files/
templates/
tasks/
handlers/
vars/
defaults/
meta/
webservers/
files/
templates/
tasks/
handlers/
vars/
defaults/
meta/
Documentation
ansible-doc -l
ansible-doc apt -s
http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/test_strategies.html
http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/intro_adhoc.html
http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/playbooks_conditionals.html
http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/playbooks_roles.html
Modules
http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/lxc_container_module.html
http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/git_module.html
http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/apt_module.html
http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/cron_module.html
http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/list_of_database_modules.html
Variables
http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/playbooks_variables.html
Ansible galaxy
ansible-galaxy install
https://galaxy.ansible.com/bennojoy/network_interface/ - Network configuration
https://github.com/Oefenweb/ansible-postfix
https://galaxy.ansible.com/geerlingguy/gitlab/
# ssh
ssh_args = -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null
ssh_args = -o ForwardAgent=yes
# install python manual
ansible host_name -i inventory_name -m raw -a "apt-get update && apt-get install -y python-minimal"
# configure valut
apg -a1 -m32 -n1 > ~/.ansible/.vault_pass.txt
echo "export ANSIBLE_VAULT_PASSWORD_FILE=~/.ansible/.vault_pass.txt" >> ~/.bashrc
# check vars
find *_vars -type f -exec cat {} \;
# check encryption
find -name "*.enc.*" -exec cat {} \;
# find encrypted values
find -name *.enc.* -exec ansible-vault view {} \; | grep foo
ansible-vault encrypt ~/ansible/host_vars/www.example.com.yml.enc
# https://dantehranian.wordpress.com/2015/07/24/managing-secrets-with-ansible-vault-the-missing-guide-part-1-of-2/
manage OpenWRT with Ansible
opkg install python-light openssh-sftp-server
opkg install python-light python-codecs python-logging python-openssl
opkg install python
Ansible command line options
https://liquidat.wordpress.com/2016/02/29/useful-options-ansible-cli/
ansible-playbook --syntax-check www.example.com.yml
ansible-playbook --list-hosts www.example.com.yml
ansible-playbook --list-tasks www.example.com.yml
Create customized module
http://blog.toast38coza.me/custom-ansible-module-hello-world/
nmcli module - NetworkManager command line tool
https://github.com/alcamie101/ansible-nmcli#examplesnmcli
LXC module
https://github.com/ansible/ansible-modules-extras/tree/devel/cloud/lxc
# Update lxc_container module to latest version
wget -q https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ansible/ansible-modules-extras/devel/cloud/lxc/lxc_container.py -O /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/modules/cloud/lxc/lxc_container.py
Variables include order
role defaults
inventory file or script group vars
inventory group_vars/all
playbook group_vars/all
inventory group_vars/*
playbook group_vars/*
inventory file or script host vars
inventory host_vars/*
playbook host_vars/*
host facts
play vars
play vars_prompt
play vars_files
role vars (defined in role/vars/main.yml)
block vars (only for tasks in block)
task vars (only for the task)
role (and include_role) params
include params
include_vars
set_facts / registered vars
extra vars
# shebang / execute playbook as script
#!/usr/bin/env ansible-playbook
Links
https://leucos.github.io/ansible-files-layout
https://galaxy.ansible.com/list#/roles
https://serversforhackers.com/an-ansible-tutorial
https://sysadmincasts.com/episodes/43-19-minutes-with-ansible-part-1-4
https://gist.github.com/andreicristianpetcu/b892338de279af9dac067891579cad7d